Organization
Behavior:-
It is concerned with the study
about human behavior. Or
Ob is directly concerned with the
understanding, prediction and control of human behavior in organization
Key Element of OB
There are four key elements in OB
they are
a.
People
Organizations
are run by people.
People consist of individuals and groups.
Though people have much in common, yet they
are differ from each other
In fact , individual differences the manager
cannot adopt one formula or standard across the board for dealing with
employees.
Instead, manager has to treat employees with
individual differences differently.
It is because of individual differences, the
subject matter of OB begins with individuals
b.
Structure
Organization
is a social systems.
There are two types of social system ones is
formal and another ones is informal social system.
The formal relationship of people in
organization is called structure.
Different
jobs are required to accomplish the organizational goals and objectives. For
example, there are managers and employees, accountants and assemblers. These
all people perfoming different jobs at different levels have to related in some
structural way so that their work can be effectively coordinated
c.
Technology
It provides
the resources with which people work and also affects the tasks that they
perform.
The great benefit of technology is that it
allows you to do more and better work
In fact, it has costs as wells as benefits.
d. Environment
All organizations operate within a given
internal ans external environment.
Environment thus affects people by influencing
their attitudes, working conditions etc.
It will not be less than correct to mention
that an organization is the effect for which environment is the cause
Nature and scope.
Organizational behavior has merge as a
separate field of study.
The nature it has required by now
is identified as follows
It is a separate field of study rather
than discipline only
It is an interdisplinary approach it
integrate knowledge draw from related discipline like psychology, sociology and
anthropology.
It involves
both applied research and its application in organizational analysis
that is it is called both science as well as arts.
It is normative science a well that is
well underscored by the proliferation of management theories.
It is a humanistic and optimistic approach it
leads humanistic approach towards people working in the organization like
thinking , feeling human
It is a total system approach that is
it integrates all the variable affecting organization function
Scope of OB
The scope for OB includes the
study of individual group and organizational structure
a) Individuals
Organization is associated of
individuals
It differ in many respects
The study of individuals therefore include
personality, perception, attitude, values, job satisfaction, learning and motivation
b)
Groups of individuals
Group
include aspects such as group dynamics, group conflicts, communication,
leadership, power and politics
c)
Organizational structure
The study of organizational
structure includes aspects such as formation of organizational structure,
culture and change and development.
Need for study in
organization behavior.
i. It helps
to know over self and others.
ii. It helps manage to tackle the
problems humanly.
iii. It helps manager how
efficiently manage human resources in the organization.
iv. It also
helps manager to know the individual employees better and motivate employees to work for better result
v. It helps to learn how to
predict human behavior and apply them it in some useful way to make the
organization more effective
Organizational Behavior
models.
The organizational behavior
models are broadly classified into four groups.
1.
Autocratic
2. Custodial
3.
Supportive
4. Collegial.
1.
Autocratic Model
i. The
manager exercise their commands over employees
ii. The
employees’ orientation towards the manger is obedience
iii. By this
employee gives minimum performance
iv. Some
employees give higher performance for their achievement drive or liking to the boss
v. The
combination of emerging knowledge about the needs of employees and ever
changing societal values and norms suggested Manger has to adopt alternative
and better ways.
2.
Custodial Model
i. This
approach brings security and satisfaction
ii. In this
model manager take care the employee in the basis of welfare scheme, security
to job and monitory benefits.
iii. In this
employee will be happy but it doesn’t lead to increase the productivity it
depends on organization
3.
Supportive model
i. It is
founded on leadership
ii. It
provides an atmosphere to help employee’s growth and accomplish their task
successfully.
iii. In
management orientation is to support the employee’s job performance for meeting
both organizational and individual goal
iv. It is
highly succeeded in developed nation
v. It
improves employee status and recognition
4.
Collegial Model
i. It is
extension of supportive model.
ii. It is a
team work style
iii. The
manager is the motivation force
iv. The
basic foundation is lies on management building a feeling of partnership with employee
v. The
manager act as a joint contribution to the organization success rather that a
boss
vi. In this model it creates
self-discipline and self-actualization.
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